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Better small object detection by using Wasserstein distance with NWD

Better small object detection by using Wasserstein distance with NWD


A Normalized Gaussian Wasserstein Distance for Tiny Object Detection

arXiv paper abstract https://arxiv.org/abs/2110.13389



Detecting tiny objects is a very challenging problem since a tiny object only contains a few pixels in size.


... propose a new evaluation metric using Wasserstein distance for tiny object detection.


... first model the bounding boxes as 2D Gaussian distributions and then propose a new metric dubbed Normalized Wasserstein Distance (NWD) to compute the similarity between them by their corresponding Gaussian distributions.


... NWD metric can be easily embedded into the assignment, non-maximum suppression, and loss function of any anchor-based detector to replace the commonly used IoU metric.


... evaluate ... metric on a new dataset for tiny object detection (AI-TOD) in which the average object size is much smaller than existing object detection datasets.


... with NWD metric, ... performance that is 6.7 AP points higher than a standard fine-tuning baseline, and 6.0 AP points higher than state-of-the-art competitors.



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